Den nyeste forskning viser....

5 Conclusions

This work has demonstrated the presence of a small but statistically significant influence of GCRs on Earth's atmosphere over mid-latitude regions...

In addition, a GCR – cloud relationship may also act in conjunction with other likely solar – terrestrial relationships concerning variations in solar UV (Haigh, 1996) and total solar irradiance...

The climatic forcings resulting from such solar – terrestrial links may have had a significant impact on climate prior to the onset of anthropogenic warming, accounting for the presence of solar cycle relationships detectable in palaeoclimatic records

So, it's the sun after all. Who would have thought that...
Can we now put the CAGW-theory to rest, please? I truly hope so.

- Det vil alltid finnes noen som avviser vitenskapen. Mange av dem som uttaler seg i debatten driver ikke aktiv forskning. Spørsmålet er hvilken vekt man skal legge på uttalelsene fra dem som ikke jobber med faget, sier direktøren ved Bjerknessenteret.

Interessant forskning

A new paper published today in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics suggests that the relationship has been established.

A new paper published today in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics shows that the relationship has been established.

We need to tear down the ivory towers of the past and remove the walls dividing the public and academia. Journals need to be open, and in complex cases, such as the evidence for climate change, we need to provide the skills and tools that people need to discover the answers for
themselves. If we ask them to to accept our viewpoints just because we are the experts, we have already lost. We would be no different
than anyone who stands on a pedestal and proclaims the truth.

– Det finnes ingen vitenskapelige publikasjoner som sier at den globale gjennomsnittstemperaturen har gått ned, sier direktør Pål Prestrud ved CICERO Senter for klimaforskning.

Solaktivitet og klima - en ny analyse

DMI-forsker sætter med ny artikel grænser for Sol-variationernes betydning for Jordens klima.

I diskussionen om klimaets udvikling under mulig indflydelse af menneskeskabte forhold, som f.eks. et øget indhold af CO2 i atmosfæren, dukker spørgsmålet om den varierende solaktivitets indflydelse op gang på gang.

Seniorforsker (emeritus) ved DMI, Peter Stauning forsøger nu i en artikel i Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics at sætte tal på, hvor meget variationer i Solens udstråling reelt betyder for Jordens klima. Artiklen har titlen Solar activity-climate relations: A different approach.

Vores Undersøgelser viser også, at selvom isen forsvinder i et område, kan den godt tiltage i et andet. Det har vi fundet ud af ved at sammenligne vores resultater med målinger fra det nordlige Canada. Mens mængden af havis aftog i det nordlige Grønland, blev der mere af den i Canada. Denne forskel skyldes sandsynligvis ændringer i de overordnede vindsystemer. En faktor, der ikke er taget tilstrækkeligt hensyn til i forudsigelserne om havisens snarlige forsvinden i Det Arktiske Ocean...

"The satellite observations suggest there is much more energy lost to space during and after warming than the climate models show," Spencer said. "There is a huge discrepancy between the data and the forecasts that is especially big over the oceans."

Not only does the atmosphere release more energy than previously thought, it starts releasing it earlier in a warming cycle. The models forecast that the climate should continue to absorb solar energy until a warming event peaks.

Instead, the satellite data shows the climate system starting to shed energy more than three months before the typical warming event reaches its peak.

"At the peak, satellites show energy being lost while climate models show energy still being gained," Spencer said.

A key glacier in Greenland is melting faster than previously expected, according to findings by a team of academics, including Dr Edward Hanna from University of Sheffield. Dr Hanna, from the University of Sheffield's Department of Geography, was part of a team of researchers that also included Dr Sebastian Mernild from the Los Alamos Laboratory, USA, and Professor Niels Tvis Knudsen from the University of Aarhus, Denmark.

The researchers found that Greenland's longest-observed glacier, Mittivakkat Glacier, made two consecutive record losses in mass observations for 2010 and 2011. The observations indicate that the total 2011 mass budget loss was 2.45 metres, 0.29 metres higher than the previous observed record loss in 2010. The 2011 value was also significantly above the 16-year average observed loss of 0.97 metres per year.

The 2011 observations further illustrate, even comparing the mass balance value against simulated glacier mass balance values back to 1898, that 2011 is a record-breaking glacier mass loss year.

These observations suggest that recent Mittivakkat Glacier mass losses, which have been driven largely by higher surface temperatures and low precipitation, are representative of the broader region, which includes many hundreds of local glaciers in Greenland. Observations of other glaciers in Greenland show terminus retreats comparable to that of Mittivakkat Glacier. These glaciers are similar to the Mittivakkat Glacier in size and elevation range.

The retreat of these small glaciers also makes the nearby Greenland Ice Sheet more vulnerable to further summer warming which is likely to occur. There could also be an effect on North Atlantic Ocean circulation and weather patterns through melting so much extra ice. An extended glacier observation programme in east Greenland for the next few years is clearly needed to improve understanding of the links between climate change and response of the glaciers in this important region."

GLAR skrev:
Vi er efterhånden nået dertil hvor model-data opfattes som observerede fakta.

Climate scientists point out that there is evidence to show that the sharp rise in global temperatures over the past 15 years cannot be explained by cosmic ray activity. They also point to a vast body of research pointing to rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels to be the cause. According to Professor Lockwood, it is very unlikely that variations in cosmic rays have played a significant role in recent warming.

"The result that will get climate change sceptics excited is that they have found that through the influence of sulphuric acid, ionisation can enhance the rate of water droplet growth. Does this mean that cosmic rays can produce cloud? No," he told BBC News.

GLAR skrev:
Jeg læste en artikel for nogle år tilbage, den handlede om 'sorte' og 'hvide' skyer... hvor den sorte sky var bygget på få kondensationskerner og meget vanddamp, den hvide sky var bygget på mange kondensationskerner og lidt vanddamp og derved blev de enkelte dråber mindre og dermed lysere, p.g.a. lysets reflektioner..... men den hvide sky havde ganske små kondensationskerner op til 25 km væk fra skyen.

Eller var de stadigvæk for små til at danne dråber ?

Large regions of the open ocean are being starved of oxygen because of warmer sea temperatures according to studies showing that fish and other marine creatures are moving into narrower habitats to avoid suffocation.

Warmer sea temperatures increase stratification, where warm, stagnant bodies of surface water sit on top of cooler water and prevent the normal mixing that results from the vertical circulation currents of the ocean, said Professor Lisa Levin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla, California.

"These low oxygen zones are also low pH [more acidic] zones because the same process that reduces oxygen, that is respiration, also produces carbon dioxide which reduces pH," Professor Levin said.

"A key feature of these low oxygen, low pH zones is their narrow biodiversity and although these areas do occur naturally, they are expanding with low-oxygen areas moving up into shallow water," she told the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Deep-water temperature gauges off Spitsbergen in the Arctic and in the Southern Ocean near the Antarctic have recorded temperature increases of between 0.03C and 0.5C, and as much as 1C, which is highly significant for a a stable environment that does not change at all from one century to the next, she said.

Since the level of Arctic sea ice set a new record low in 2007, significantly above-normal winter snow cover has been seen in large parts of the northern United States, northwestern and central Europe, and northern and central China. During the winters of 2009-2010 and 2010-2011, the Northern Hemisphere measured its second and third largest snow cover levels on record.

"Our study demonstrates that the decrease in Arctic sea ice area is linked to changes in the winter Northern Hemisphere atmospheric circulation," said Judith Curry, chair of the School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at Georgia Tech. "The circulation changes result in more frequent episodes of atmospheric blocking patterns, which lead to increased cold surges and snow over large parts of the northern continents."

Arctic Sea Ice Decline May Be Driving Snowy Winters...

War is peace. Freedom is slavery. Ignorance is strength...

Two oceanographers from NOAA and the University of Washington find that Antarctic Bottom Water has been disappearing at an average rate of about eight million metric tons per second over the past few decades, equivalent to about fifty times the average flow of the Mississippi River or about a quarter of the flow of the Gulf Stream in the Florida Straits.

"Because of its high density, Antarctic Bottom Water fills most of the deep ocean basins around the world, but we found that the amount of this water has been decreasing at a surprisingly fast rate over the last few decades," said lead author Sarah Purkey, graduate student at the School of Oceanography at the University of Washington in Seattle, Wash. "In every oceanographic survey repeated around the Southern Ocean since about the 1980s, Antarctic Bottom Water has been shrinking at a similar mean rate, giving us confidence that this surprisingly large contraction is robust."

The world's deep ocean currents play a critical role in transporting heat and carbon around the planet, thus regulating our climate.

While previous studies have shown that the bottom water has been warming and freshening over the past few decades, these new results suggest that significantly less of this bottom water has been formed during that time than in previous decades

For the world's glaciers and ice caps to catch up with the temperatures of the last ten years, they need to lose 38% of their ice volume, on average, and 30% of their area. That's equivalent to 228 mm of sea-level rise over the next few decades, even without any additional climate change, according to Sebastian Mernild of Los Alamos National Laboratory, US, who presented his work at the EGU 2012 meeting in Vienna.

Mernild studied the mass balance of 124 glaciers and 19 icecaps worldwide, using three averaging methods. The results compared well with earlier studies, which incorporated fewer glaciers, he said.

In Central Europe, Svalbard and Greenland, glaciers and ice caps were more out of balance with their surroundings than the global average. Mernild reckons that glaciers in the Alps are likely to lose most of their mass by 2100.

If recent climate trends continue, by around 2040 glaciers and ice caps will lose at least half of their volume.

For the world's glaciers and ice caps to catch up with the temperatures of the last ten years, they need to lose...

One popular climate record that shows a slower atmospheric warming trend than other studies contains a data calibration problem, and when the problem is corrected the results fall in line with other records and climate models, according to a new University of Washington study.

They identified a problem with the satellite temperature record put together by the University of Alabama in Huntsville. Researchers there were the first to release such a record, in 1989, and it has often been cited by climate change skeptics to cast doubt on models that show the impact of greenhouse gases on global warming.

Det er vist umærkeligt lidt

So, if you don't like what the data shows, just change the data?

En typisk kommentar (ud af p.t. 140)

rick_uk skrev:
SCIENCE DAILY: New Research Brings Satellite Measurements and Global Climate Models Closer (7/5-12)

In conclusion, we believe that the result in PCF was a rather uninformed attempt to find fault with the UAH global temperature dataset

A clear change in salinity has been detected in the world's oceans, signalling shifts and an acceleration in the global rainfall and evaporation cycle.

In a paper just published in the journal Science, Australian scientists from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, reported changing patterns of salinity in the global ocean during the past 50 years, marking a clear fingerprint of climate change.

"Salinity shifts in the ocean confirm climate and the global water cycle have changed....These changes suggest that arid regions have become drier and high rainfall regions have become wetter in response to observed global warming," said Dr Durack, a post-doctoral fellow at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Dr Durack said the patterns are not uniform, with regional variations agreeing with the 'rich get richer' mechanism, where wet regions get wetter and dry regions drier.......a change in freshwater availability in response to climate change poses a more significant risk to human societies and ecosystems than warming alone

...regional variations agreeing with the 'rich get richer' mechanism, where wet regions get wetter and dry regions drier...