Trends de sidste 10 år

Årsagen til denne forskel er, at CRU mangler målestationer i Arktis, hvor opvarmningen er størst.

The GISTemp homogeneity adjustment looks a little hockey-stickish, and induces an upward trend by reducing older historical temperatures more than recent historical temperatures. This has the effect of turning what is a negative trend in the HadCRUT3 data into a positive trend in the GISTemp version (below, enlarged here):

image

So what would appear to be a general cooling trend over the past ~130 years at this location when using the unadjusted HadCRUT3 data, becomes a warming trend when the homogeneity adjustment is supplied.

How do you evaluate whether adjustments are a good thing?


To start, you have to think on why you want to adjust data on a first place. The goal of the adjustments is to modify your reading so that they could be easily compared (a) inter-probes and (b) intra-probes. In other words: you do it because you want to (a) be able to compare the measures you take today with the ones you took 10 years ago at the same spot and (b) be able to compare the measures you take with the ones your next door neighbor is taking.

So, in short you do want your adjustment to siginificatively modify your data – this is the all point of it! Now, how do you make sure you do it properly? If I were to be in charge of the adjustment I would do two things. 1) Find another dataset – one that possibly doesn't need adjustments at all – to compare my stuff with: it doesn't have to cover the entire period, it just has to overlap enough to be used as test for my system. The satellite measurements are good for this. If we see that our adjusted data go along well with the satellite measurements from 1980 to 2000, then we can be pretty confident that our way of adjusting data is going to be good also before 1980. There are limits, but it's pretty damn good. Alternatively you can use a dataset from completely different source. If the two dataset arise from different stations, go through different processings and yet yield same results, you can go home happy.

Another way of doing it is to remeber that a mathematical adjustment is just a trick to overcome a lack of information on our side. We can take a random sample of probes and do statistical adjustment. Then go back and look the history of the the station. For instance: our statistical adjustment is telling us that a certain probe needs to be shifted +1 in 1941 but of course it will not tell us why. So we go back to the metadata and we find that in 1941 there was a major change in the history of our weather station, for instance war and subsequent move of the probe. Bingo! It means our statistical tools were very good in reconstructing the actual events of history. Another strong argument that our adjustments are doing a good job.

Did we do any of those things here? Nope. Neither I, nor you, nor Willis Eschenbach nor anyone else on this page actually tested whether adjustments were good! Not even remotely so.
What did we do? We tried to answer a different question, that is: are these adjustments "suspicious"? Do we have enough information to think that scientists are cooking the data? How did we test so?

Willis picked a random probe and decided that the adjustment he saw where suspicious. End of the story. If you think about it, all his post is entirely concentrated around figure 8, which simply is a plot of the difference between adjusted data and raw data. So, there is no value whatsoever in doing that. I am sorry to go blunt on Willis like this – but that is what he did and I cannot hide it. No information at all.

What did I do? I just went a step back and asked myself: is there actually a reason on a first place to think that scientists are cooking data? I did what is called a unilaterally informative experiment. Experiments can be bilaterally informative when you learn something no matter what the outcome of the experiment is (these are the best); unilaterally informative when you learn something only if you get a specific outcome and in the other case you cannot draw conclusions; not informative experiments.
My test was to look for a bias in the dataset. If I were to find that the adjustments are introducing a strong bias then I would know that maybe scientists were cooking the data. I cannot be sure about it, though, because (remember!) the whole point of doing adjustments is to change data in the first place!. It is possible that most stations suffer of the same flaws and therefore need adjustments going in the same direction. That is why if my experiment were to lead to a biased outcome, it would not have been informative.
On the other hand, I found instead that the adjustments themselves hardly change the value of readings at all and that means I can be pretty positive that scientists are not cooking data. This is why my experiment was unilaterally informative. I was lucky.